Almost all types fish suffer from diseases or other health problems, just like humans or other animals. Fish are also prone to suffer from major diseases.
They also get affected by different types of health problems or fish diseases. Diseases are the main obstacle for successful fish farming business in most areas.
Fish in stagnant water body (such as pond) suffer much more than natural resources. So, in most cases fish suffer from different types of diseases when you grow them artificially in pond. By using modern farming methods in fish farming we can reduce diseases in fish.
Types of Fish Diseases
Fish defenses against disease are specific and non-specific. Non-specific defenses include skin and scales, as well as the mucus layer secreted by the epidermis that traps microorganisms and inhibits their growth. Specific defenses are specialized responses to particular pathogens recognized by the fish’s body, that is adaptative immune responses.
If pathogens breach non-defenses, fish can develop inflammatory responses that increase the flow of blood to infected areas and deliver white blood cells that attempt to destroy the pathogens. In recent years, vaccines have become widely used in aquaculture and for raising ornamental fish. Some commercially important fish diseases are VHS, ich and whirling disease.
Common Fish Diseases
The common diseases of fish and their remedies are highlighted below.
Ulcer disease of fish
Shol, gojar, taki, pumpti, bain, koi, mani, mrigel and lower water label fish are suffered by this disease. The affected fish can be identified by red spots in its skin. The shape of this spot generally increase rapidly.
The tail, back side and mouth are the mostly affected places. If the fish is infected by ulcer then remove the fish from the pond immediately. Treat the affected fish by keeping them in 100 grams of salt mixing with 10 liters of water. And then remove them to the pond again.
You have to keep the pond environment clean to prevent this disease. Apply 100 kg of lime and 100 kg salt per acre before the winter season. This will keep the fish free from disease during the winter season.
Stomach Swelling
Ruhita fish and catfish are mostly affected by this disease. The main symptom of this disease is the color of it’s body become pale. Due to water storage in the stomach the belly of the fish become large.
The fish loss the balance of it’s body. Affected fish move here and there and this is the main symptom of this fish disease. This disease generally affect fish by “Aromonads” bacteria.
You can remove the water from inside the belly by using a syringe. After that you can apply 25 mg of clorem fenicle injection for every one kg of fish. Or you can use 200 mg of clorem fenicle powder and mix with the food.
Use lime according to the size of the pond. In this case it is essential to use fish meal with the food of fish. Besides this it is important to ensure the natural food and sufficient supplementary food.
Parasites
Parasites in fish are a common natural occurrence. Parasites can provide information about host population ecology. In fisheries biology, for example, parasite communities can be used to distinguish distinct populations of the same fish species co-inhabiting a region.
Additionally, parasites possess a variety of specialized traits and life-history strategies that enable them to colonize hosts. Understanding these aspects of parasite ecology, of interest in their own right, can illuminate parasite-avoidance strategies employed by hosts.
Usually parasites and pathogens need to avoid killing their hosts, since extinct hosts can mean extinct parasites.
Evolutionary constraints may operate so parasites avoid killing their hosts, or the natural variability in host defensive strategies may suffice to keep host populations viable.
If you are a new fish farmer, then you must have to run your business according to an expert’s suggestion. Hope this guide has helped you! Good luck!
